Archive
Export html to ms excel file in php
In this article,I will explain how to export html to excel(.xls) file. we are going to export an HTML table (or any html data) to a MS Excel document as it is displayed on the HTML page.
it is very easy to export HTML data to excel in PHP. Lets see Below code
<!–?php
if(isset($_POST[‘excel’]) && $_POST[‘excel’])
{
# Download Excel (.xls) File…
header(‘Content-Type: application/force-download’);
header(‘Content-disposition: attachment; filename=ExportHtmlToExcel.xls’);
header(“Pragma: “);
header(“Cache-Control: “);
echo $_POST[‘excel’];
exit();
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<script>
function getHtmlData()
{
$(“#excel”).val(‘<table border=”1″>’+$(“#info”).clone().html()+'</table>’);
return true;
}
</script>
</head>
<title>Export HTML to Excel in PHP</title>
// <![CDATA[
src=’http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js’>
// ]]>
</head>
<body>
<form method=”post” onSubmit=”javascript:return getHtmlData()”>
<table border=”1″ id=”info”>
<tr>
<th>First Name : </th>
</tr>
<tr>
Test First Name
<td>Test Last Name</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type=”hidden” id=”excel” name=”excel” value=””>
<br><br>
<input type=”submit” value=”Export HTML to Excel”>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Today – WordPress New Version 3.5 Released
On December 11, 2012, WordPress Version 3.5, named for jazz drummer Elvin Jones, was released to the public. For more information on this enhancement and bug-fix release, read the WordPress Blog, and see the Changelog for 3.5.
Highlights
- New Media Manager
- Beautiful interface: A streamlined, all-new experience
- Create galleries faster with drag-and-drop reordering, inline caption editing, and simplified controls
- Insert multiple images at once with Shift/Ctrl+click
- New Default Theme – Twenty Twelve
- Simple, flexible, elegant
- Mobile-first, responsive design
- Gorgeous Open Sans typeface
- Uses the latest Theme Features
- Admin Enhancements
- New Welcome Screen
- Retina-Ready (HiDPI) Admin
- Hide Link Manager for new installs
- Better accessibility for screenreaders, touch devices, and keyboard users
- More polish on admin screens, including a new color picker
- For Developers
- WP_Comment_Query and WP_User_Query accept now meta queries just like WP_Query
- Meta queries now support querying for objects without a particular meta key
- Post objects are now instances of a WP_Post class, which improves performance and caching
- Multisite’s switch_to_blog() is now significantly faster and more reliable
- WordPress has added the Underscore and Backbone JavaScript libraries
- TinyMCE, jQuery, jQuery UI, and SimplePie have all been updated to the latest versions
- Image Editing API for cropping, scaling, etc., that uses ImageMagick as well as GD
- XML-RPC: Now always enabled and supports fetching users, managing post revisions, searching
- New “show_admin_column” parameter for register_taxonomy() allows automatic creation of taxonomy columns on associated post-types.
What’s New
Dashboard
- Switch to prompt text in QuickPress to accommodate longer translated input labels
- Button styles updated throughout Dashboard to more modern, rectangular shape
- Help Text improvements throughout
Posts
- Rename the “HTML” editor tab to “Text”
- Prevent child categories from being visually promoted to the top level after Quick Edit
Media
- Add oEmbed suport for SoundCloud.com, SlideShare.net, and Instagram.com
- New Media Manager: Insert multiple galleries per post and independently order images
Accessibility
- Add visible focus within admin screens for better accessibility.
- Add “Skip to content” link to all screens in the admin.
- Add “Skip to toolbar” accessibility shortcut in the admin.
- Add ability to log out of user account without mouse input.
- Add “tab out” of the plugins and themes editors textareas.
Links
- Link Manager is hidden for new installs and for any existing installs that have no links (all sites with existing links are left as is). This can be restored with Link Manager Plugin
- Display links in widget if no link categories
Appearance
- Widgets menu is hidden if your theme hasn’t defined any sidebars
- Improve display of available custom headers with jQuery Masonry
Plugins
- Plugins favorited on WordPress.org can be viewed per user and directly installed from within the Dashboard. (Marking plugins as favorite on WordPress.Org)
Users
- Display name defaults to first name and last name for new users
- Force the user to explicitly choose between content deletion and reassignment when deleting users
Settings
- Remove Settings Privacy Screen and relocate Search Engine Visibility option to Settings Reading Screen
- Remove oEmbed options from the Settings Media Screen. Width adheres to theme’s content width, height is 1.5 times width
- Enable XML-RPC by default, remove Writing Settings option
- Remove AtomPub from core, can be re-enabled with a plugin
- Hide charset option in Settings Reading Screen in new installs, default to UTF-8
Multisite
- Multisite installs now work with WordPress in a subdirectory
- Turn off ms-files.php by default
- File quotas disabled by default on new installs
Related articles
- WordPress 3.5 at the Horizon (wpzoom.com)
- 15 Useful, Little-Known WordPress Plugins to Add to Your Collection | RYP Marketing (rypmarketing.com)
- 10 Things You Need to Know About WordPress 3.5 (technosailor.com)
- WordPress 3.5 “Elvin” Released (wordpress.org)
- WordPress 3.5 brings new photo flow, mobile-first default theme, and Retina support (thenextweb.com)
- WordPress Reaches 3.5, Rides The Coltrane (thepowerbase.com)
- WordPress 3.5 Released (sucuri.net)
- WordPress 3.5 “Elvin” Launches With A Completely New Media Manager, Retina Support, Responsive Default Theme (techcrunch.com)
- WordPress releases latest WP version [WordPress 5.0] – [WordPress News] (bloggingmatters.net)
Today RAJINI’S BIRTHDAY 12-12-12
English: Rajinikanth at the audio release of Enthiran (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
Superstar Rajinikanth celebrates his 60th birthday today and he will be spending the day with his family. Rajini’s birthday is no less than a festival for his fans the world over.
It is reported that his family and close friends have organized a Shashitabadapoorthi puja (60th birthday celebrations) at the famous Tirukkadiyur temple near Tiruchi. However, it should come to no one’s surprise that Rajini’s fans will be lining up for special poojas and welfare activities for their favourite idol.
Shivaji Rao Gaekwad was on December 12, 1949 and had very humble beginnings. He served as a ticket collector in a local shuttle bus in Bangalore when he was discovered by the legendary K. Balachander who renamed him Rajinikanth.
The year has been exceptional for Rajini. Breaking all box office records Endhiran has emerged as the biggest hit ever. There have also been two new additions to his family. Daughter Aishwarya Rajinikanth, who is married to actor Dhanush gave birth to a baby boy and his other daughter Soundarya Rajinikanth got married to industrialist Ashwin Kumar.
selvabalaji.wordpress.com wishes Rajinikanth a very happy birthday!
Related articles
- SUPERSTAR RAJINIKANTH – For the Day We Were Waiting 12.12.12 (ktrmurali.wordpress.com)
- Super Star is his First Name: Happy Birthday Rajinikanth (kanaamedia.com)
- ‘Rajinikanth: The Definitive Biography’ released next week (digitalspy.co.uk)
- It was a small role, but people would remember him (thehindu.com)
- Thumbing through the superstar’s life (thehindu.com)
Watch Thuppakki Movie Online HQ (youtube)
Vijay’s Thuppaki Review – First Day First Show Report
One of the key reasons for Thuppaki’s sky high expectations is because the movie marks the beginning of Vijay’s strategy to working with top rung directors (barring Shankar’s Nanban which was a faithful remake of 3 Idiots). This is probably the best line-up of crew members and technicians for a Vijay movie. On the casting side, Kajal Aggarwal, Vidyut, Sathyan, Jayaram have provided the required support for Vijay to showcase his talent. Does the script keep you engaged throughout the running time of 2 hour 45 minutes? Will Thuppaki uplift the festive mood this Diwali? Definitely, Yes.
The story opens in Mumbai with a bomb blast in a public bus. Jagdish (Vijay) is on a mission to find the terrorist gang and people behind the blast. There are twists and unexpected turns along the way. The story has enough ammo to fire up Vijay’s fan base.
Thuppakki is Vijay; Vijay is Thuppakki
Vijay has carried the movie from start to finish with his self-assured confidence and trade-mark style. The script makes frequent switch-overs from intense sleeper cell scenes to commercial love/comedy scenes. Vijay was able to make some bumpy transitions look convincing with his acting abilities. As always, Vijay dances effortlessly and comedy comes to him naturally. Vijay’s costumes, pleasant looks and mischievous expressions will surely win him more female fans. Vijay looks fit and younger in his toned muscular physique.
Story, Direction and Screenplay
AR Murugadoss’ engaging story is narrated in gray tones balanced with commercially colourful compromises. The movie may have minor similarities to Ramana which has worked out well again. Murugadoss has done his homework by consulting ex-CBI chief Karthikeyan and the details are blended in nicely while dumbing it down for audience. AR Murugadoss has intentionally slowed down the pacing and narration in critical scenes (e.g., Hospital security chief conversation in the terrace) to get the message across. The dialogues about common people’s (un)willingness to put their life at risk to fight terrorism are well written and delivered by Vijay. Also, the hero putting his sister in a high-risk operation provides the impetus and emotional connect with the audience.
It is interesting to note that the villain (Vidyut) tracks down the hero instead of other way around, which is usually seen. Another aspect which is told subtlely is Vijay’s undercover act passing off as a common man similar to the way terrorist sleeper cells operate. Vijay’s exterminating the sleeper cell operations in Mumbai is not revealed to his lover, family or others (except his cop friend Sathyan). This aspect could have been underlined a bit for additional impact and stronger appreciation for Jagdish’s character.
The love/comedy scenes and songs definitely stick out like sore thumb since they are not integrated well with the story line. It is understandable why AR Murugadoss had to make these compromises. We are pointing this out without really complaining since such intrusions have become essential to satisfy the fan base and common audience with diverse set of expectations.
Highlights
- Stylish portrayal of Vijay in anti-terrorism operations have a perfect closure with mass elements. For instance, scenes such as simultaneous execution of 12-for-12 sleeper cell killings at precisely the same minute, sister rescue scenes with sniffer dog, and the final scene where he symbolically blows up the ship with his hand gesture and subsequent punch dialogue before villain killing are sure treats for fans.
- AR Murugadoss seems to have taken a tip from his association with Aamir Khan in Ghajini Hindi remake. Upon Aamir’s insistence, some emotional scenes involving Asin’s memory were added after climax action sequences in Hindi version. AR Murugadoss has used similar finish in Thuppakki giving a nice emotional touch and meaning to the movie by extolling the virtues of army.
- Kajal has done her role exceptionally well in perking up the lighter moments with her expressions, dance moves in songs and chirpy love scenes laced with humour. Kajal has good scope in both “Antarctica” song (interesting concept) and “Alaika Laika” (showcasing her dance moves). Kajal’s presence enlivens the scenes and songs for people looking for relief from action scenes.
- Santhosh Sivan‘s Cinematography and Sreekar Prasad‘s editing keep the narration tight despite relatively long running time. The candid capture of Mumbai adds to the style and character of the city. Santosh’s fast working style is critical to the successful shooting of scenes in real locations in Mumbai. Harris scores big in the final minutes with his song (“Poi Varavaa“) dedicated to army jawans which is sure to leave a lump in your throat. Harris’ BGM keeps up the pace and makes the operations look convincing with his theme track.
What could have been better?
- Song picturizations look low-budget. Almost 4 out of 5 songs solely rely on Vijay’s dance moves, which gets a bit repetitive for general public. AR Murugadoss and Santhosh Sivan have pulled out some of the old tricks of picturizing the songs in big stadiums, by using bright incandescent lights in the background to make it look richer. Vijay’s introduction song “Kutti Puli Kootam” and opening fight scenes are speed breakers right after the word “go”.
- Screenplay could have been tighter. Even though the individual scenes were riveting, the bigger purpose required to latch the audience interest lacks full conviction. The objective of killing the head of sleeper-cell (Vidyut) lacks macro-connection resulting in lack of depth for Vijay vs Vidyut’s clash. Some of the lengthy climax fight sequences in the ship could have been trimmed. The final 10+ minutes of man-to-man combat scenes with Vidyut led to some chatter among audience.
Bottomline
With right promotions and word of mouth reaching out to neutral and family audience, Thuppakki is well positioned to get tagged along with Ghilli and Pokiri.
Reviewer Rating – 
Paradesi First Look – bala ready for next national award!
MySQL (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
This article teaches you how to create pagination like twitter using jquery, PHP and MySQL. The content can be loaded at the end of old content when we scroll the page. Your can create your own pagination after completing this article. It is very easy to implement, you can just copy and paste the code. Please follow the steps given below to create your won pagination style.
1. Create table in MySQL using following query statement
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `job` ( `job_id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `job_name` INT(11) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`job_id`) ) ENGINE=MYISAM DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 AUTO_INCREMENT=1 ;
2. Create database connection file ie connection.php
$DB_Username = "root";
$DB_Password = "";
$DB_DATABASE = "database_name";
$DB_HOST = "localhost";
$Connect = @mysql_connect($DB_HOST, $DB_Username, $DB_Password)
or die("Couldn't connect to MySQL:
" . mysql_error() . "
" . mysql_errno());
//select database
$Db = @mysql_select_db($DB_DATABASE, $Connect)
or die("Couldn't select database:
" . mysql_error(). "
" . mysql_errno());
3. Create index.php where you can write following codes
<?php
/*
Author: selvaBalaji
Email:selvabalaji@gmail.com
Date: oct 26 2012
*/
include(“connection.php”);
if(isset($_GET[‘lastID’]) && is_numeric($_GET[‘lastID’]))
$lastID =intval($_GET[‘lastID’]);
if(!isset($_GET[‘lastID’]))
{
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml”>
<head>
<script type=”text/javascript”
src=”http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.3.0/jquery.min.js”>
</script>
<style>
#loader {
border:1px solid #ccc;
padding:10px;
margin:10px 0 0 0;
text-align:center;
}
.contentpane{}
.rowHolder{
border:1px solid #ccc;
padding:10px;
margin:10px 0 0 0;
}
</style>
<script type=”text/javascript”>
$(document).ready(function(){
function lastRecord()
{
$(‘div#loader’).html(‘<img src=”loader.gif” alt=”Loading…”>’);
$.post(“index.php?lastID=”+$(“.contentpane table tr:last”).attr(“id”),
function(data){
if (data != “”) {
$(“.contentpane table tr:last”).after(data);
}
$(‘div#loader’).empty();
});
};
$(window).scroll(function(){
if ($(window).scrollTop() == $(document).height() – $(window).height()){
lastRecord();
}
});});
</script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Pagination </h1>
<p class=”hr” style=”padding:2px 0 2px 0;”></p>
<div class=”contentpane”>
<table width=”100%” border=”0″ cellpadding=”0″ cellspacing=”0″>
<?php
$sql=”SELECT * FROM job ORDER BY job_id DESC limit 30″;
$result = mysql_query($sql);
while($record = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
$lastID = $record[‘job_id’];
?>
<tr id=”<?php echo $record[‘job_id’];?>”>
<td><div class=”rowHolder”><?php echo $record[‘job_name’];?></div></td>
</tr>
<?php
}
?>
</table>
</div>
<div id=”loader”></div>
</body>
</html>
<?php
}
else
{
$sql=”SELECT * FROM job WHERE job_id < $lastID
ORDER BY job_id DESC LIMIT 3″;
$result = mysql_query($sql);
while($record = mysql_fetch_array($result))
{
?>
<tr id=”<?php echo $record[‘job_id’];?>”>
<td><div class=”rowHolder”><?php echo $record[‘job_name’];?></div></td>
</tr>
<?php
}
}
?>
Unzip a Zip File in php
<!--?php
if(exec("unzip $location",$arr)){ mkdir($newLocation); for($i = 1;$i< count($arr);$i++){ $file = trim(preg_replace("~inflating: ~","",$arr[$i])); copy($location.'/'.$file,$newLocation.'/'.$file); unlink($location.'/'.$file); } return TRUE; }else{ return FALSE; } }?>//Use the code as following:<!--?phpinclude 'functions.php';if(unzip('zipedfiles/selvabalaji.zip','unziped/myNewZip')) echo 'Success!';else echo 'Error';?>Explore the REST API
I have had the pleasure of working with the WordPress.com REST API over the past few weeks and am very excited to start “dogfooding” this resource everywhere I can.
One cool feature is that all the endpoints are self-documenting. In fact, the documentation for the REST API is built by the API itself! With this information we were able to build a console to help debug and explore the various resources that are now available through the new API. So let me introduce you to the new REST console for WordPress.com.
A word of caution: the console is only available when you are logged into WordPress.com and is hooked up to the live system, so be careful with your POST requests!
At its simplest you can supply the method, path, query, and body for the resource you wish to examine (it’s pre-populated with /me). Press “Submit” to see the response status for your request and an expandable JSON object that you can explore. All links listed under meta are active, so click one to make another request.
To get a better idea of what kind of parameters a request can take, select it under the “Reference” section. It will then provide an interface with some contextual help to let you know which path, query, and body parameters it accepts, what each of those parameters are for, and a field for you to provide the value.
Related articles
- Explore the REST API (developer.wordpress.com)
- How to analyze your Blog Traffic using WordPress Stats API (selvabalaji.wordpress.com)
- Apigee v2 Console: Making learning APIs as simple as possible, but not simpler (apigee.com)
- Phasing out old API, upgrade your WordPress plugins! (flattr.net)
- REST easy with JIRA 5 (blogs.atlassian.com)
Driving Traffic To Your Website
eMarketing and SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
People need to know who you are, and the products and services that you provide. This is accomplished in four strategic areas:
- SEO (Search Engine Optimization)
- Online advertising
- Links from other websites or Blogs
- Social Networks
SEO (Search Engine Optimization) is a way of adding strategic content to your webpages. These are keywords or phrases that pertain to your products or services. They may also be relevant to any value content that you provide, such as “how to guides”, video, white papers, etc. We’ll cover these later when we discuss capturing leads.
SEO is a process, not a one time job. It needs to be monitored and changed as needed. The goal is to raise your search engine rankings.
SEO is also about good coding, tags, and metadata. These elements are not seen, but are used by search engines to return SERP’s (Search Engine Result Pages) to Internet searches. This is what we call “organic” drivers, or a kind of “free advertising”. Basically relevant content and code for internet searches.
Incoming links from other websites are also very important, and rated highly among search engines. We will show you how to obtain more incoming links from larger websites.
Online advertising is crucial to the success of any eMarketing strategy. This is paid advertising with the major or local search engines such as Google, Yahoo, MSN, AOL, etc. Many large companies have full departments dedicated to creating and tracking online advertising campaigns. Online advertising is much more than creating an ad and letting it go. You can waste a lot of money if you don’t properly define your campaign, test it, and than track results. This requires constant monitoring and adjustment to maximize your investment and results.
A Sturm Media online advertising campaign consists of:
- Analysis of competition online advertising
- Development of keywords and phrases
- Creation of a landing pages with “Call to Action” (CTA)
- Ad copy for three test ads
- Automated lead capture and follow-up
Advertising can also be negotiated with other large websites that have extremely high traffic counts, or media buys for banner placement on groups of web pages or high traffic blogs. This is usually more expensive and done as a phase two or three implementation, after several successful search engine campaigns.
Links from other websites or blogs are not only important for SEO and search engine ranking, but as a direct connection to your website. A question we get often is how can we get more links to our website? The answer to the question is simple, but the implementation is not. Content, content, content… content is king and everyone wants it. Once you have compelling value content, you will see links from other websites and blogs increase.
Sturm Media has a proprietary blog creation tool that aggregates data in any targeted vertical. We can create blogs that augment advertising campaigns, and provide additional incoming links. The blogs are completely independent, and as such can provide company reviews and resource guides that promote our clients. This is our competition killer, and since we developed the methodology, we are the preeminent source for this type of online marketing.
Social Networking is popular and growing at exponential rates. Websites like Facebook, Linkedin, YouTube, Twitter, and many more are a way to reach hundreds of thousands of potential customers. Often, our clients think that they don’t have the time or the bandwidth for this type of marketing. We can show ways of implementing social networking into your plan that will take very little time. Social networking is a vital component of any strategic eMarketing plan.
Related articles
- The Logic Behind Search Engine Optimization Techniques (ronmedlin.com)
- What are best practice SEO techniques? (marketing.yell.com)
- What is pay-per-click advertising? (marketing.yell.com)
- What are backlinks and how can they improve SEO? (marketing.yell.com)
- Will custom web design help drive traffic? (marketing.yell.com)
2011 in review
The WordPress.com stats helper monkeys prepared a 2011 annual report for this blog.
Here’s an excerpt:
The concert hall at the Sydney Opera House holds 2,700 people. This blog was viewed about 12,000 times in 2011. If it were a concert at Sydney Opera House, it would take about 4 sold-out performances for that many people to see it.
Click here to see the complete report.
Related articles
- 2011 in review (yorksunburymuseum.wordpress.com)
- 2011 in review (janisfreegard.wordpress.com)
- 2011 in review (afroaddis.wordpress.com)
- 2011 In Review (thecandyshoppe.wordpress.com)
- 2011 in review (jbshots.wordpress.com)
7Am Arivu Movie Review.
Image via Wikipedia
ஏழாம் அறிவு திரைவிமர்சனம்:
சூர்யாவின் அசத்தலான நடிப்பில் நடிப்பில் எ.ஆர்.முருகதாஸ்சின் அதிரடி இயக்கத்தில் உதயநிதி ஸ்டாலின் தயாரிப்பில் வெளிவந்திருக்கும் இருக்கும் படம் தான் இந்த ஏழாம் அறிவு.
தமிழ் சினிமா இதுவரை பார்காத திரைகளம் இது வரை பார்காத ஆக்சன், இதுவரை பார்காத தொழில்நுட்பம் என இதுவரை அனுபவிக்காத ஒரு அனுபவத்தை தந்து இருக்கின்றார் நம்ம எ.ஆர்.முருகதாஸ். படம் ஆரம்ப முதலே பரபரப்பு. அதுவும் முதல் அந்த பதிநைந்து நிமிட காட்சிக்கு நாம் படத்திற்கு குடுத்த பணம் முடிந்துவிட்டது.
பலமான படத்திற்கு பலமே அதில் நடித்த நடிகர்களின் நடிப்பும் அவர்களின் ஈடுபாடும் தான். அதிலும் சூர்யாவின் நடிப்பு நாம் எதிர்பார்காத ஒன்று. இத்தனை ஈடுபாட்டுடன் ஒரு நடிகன் அதுவும் தனது 26வது படத்திலே ஒரு நடிகனால் நடிக்க முடியுமா? என வியக்க வைத்திருக்கின்றார் மனுஷன்.
இரட்டை வேடம்: சர்கஸ் நாயகன் மற்றும் குங்பூவை உருவாக்கிய ஒரு துறவி என இரண்டு சவாலான கதாபாத்திரம். இரண்டிலுமே மனதில் நிற்கின்றார் நம்ம சூர்யா.
அதுவும் அவருடைய அந்த குங்பூ சண்டை தமிழ் சினிமா வரலாற்றில் சண்டைகாட்சிகளுக்கெல்லாம் முன் மாதிரியாக இருக்க போகின்றது.
கலக்குங்க சூர்யா…. இனி ஒரு வருடம் உங்கள் நடிப்பைதான் தமிழ் சினிமா பேச போகின்றது.
அப்புறம் அறிமுக நாயகியாக ஸ்ருதி கமல் ஹாசன். தமிழில்தான் இது இவருக்கு முதல் படம். அதனை உணர்த்துவது போல் அழகான அளவான நடிப்பு. கமல் ஹாசன் நிச்சயம் பெருமைபட்டு கொள்ளலாம்.
அப்புறம் அனய்யா இரண்டாவது சூர்யாவுக்கு ஜோடியாக வருகின்றார். மனதை விட்டு மரையாத கதாபத்திரம் அவங்களுடையது.
வில்லனாக வரும் அந்த ஹாலிவுட் நடிகர் யப்பா சண்டை காட்சிகளில் அப்படி ஒரு ஆக்ரோஷம். சண்டை கட்சிகள் உயிரோட்டமாக அமைந்ததற்கு இவருடைய பங்களிப்பு ஒரு முக்கிய காரணம்.
ஹாரிஸ் ஜெயராஜின் இசையில் ஏற்கணவே பாடல்கள் ஹிட்டாகி விட்டன. பின்ணணி இசையிலும் மிரட்டி இருக்கின்றார். ஆனால் ஏற்கனவே கேட்ட பீலிங் வருவதை தவிற்க்க முடியவில்லை.
இப்படி ஒரு கதையை யோசித்தற்காகவே எ.ஆர். முருகதாஸ்சை எவ்வளவு வேண்டுமானாலும் பாராட்டலாம்.
தமிழர்கள் எல்லாம் பெருமைபட கூடிய வகையில் ஒரு படத்தை தந்ததற்காக ஒரு மிக பெரிய சல்யூட்.
தாங்ஸ் முருகதாஸ்.
கதையை கூறிவிட்டால் படதின் சுவாரஸ்யம் குறைந்துவிடும் என்பதால் அனைவரும் படத்தை
திரையில் பார்த்து தெரிந்து கொள்ளவும்.
நான் இந்த படத்தை இரவு 2:30 மணி ஷோவில் வீட்டில் இருந்தவாறு டிரீம் லாண்டில்
(அதாங்க கனவு) பார்த்து ரசித்தேன்.
படத்தை பற்றிய என்னுடைய கமெண்ட்: தமிழ் சினமாவின் இரண்டாம் அத்தியாயத்தை தொடங்கி
வைத்திருக்கின்றார் எ.அர்.முருகதாஸ்
விமர்சனம் பிடித்து இருந்தால் தயவுசெய்து உங்கள் ஓட்டை பதிவு செய்யவும்.
உங்கள் கருத்தை ஆவலுடன் எதிர்பார்கின்றேன்
தங்கள் வருகைக்கு நன்றி
Related articles
- Notable Tamil Short Films: பார்க்கத் தகுந்த தமிழ் குறும்படங்கள் (snapjudge.wordpress.com)
- ஆடி மாதமும் ஆடி அடங்கா தமிழ் இனவாத அரசியலும்: ஒரு நினைவுக் கிளறல் (kattankudi.info)
- பிரபஞ்சத்தின் மகத்தான நூறு புதிர்கள் ! இரட்டைப் பரிதிகளைச் சுற்றும் வியப்பான ஓர் அண்டக் கோள் கண்டுபிடிப்பு. (jayabarathan.wordpress.com)
- அடுத்த ‘நாயகன்’? – தம்பி வெட்டோத்தி சுந்தரம் (snapjudge.wordpress.com)
- அமெரிக்காவுக்கு நேரம் சரியில்லை… உலகத்துக்கும் தான்.! (kattankudi.info)
- Suriya An Actor with a Difference (sharedays.wordpress.com)
- Ramcharan planning to work with Murugadoss and Srinu Vytla (hdmovies4pc.wordpress.com)
Top 10 Tamil Actor survive
Image via Wikipedia
டாப் 10 தமிழ் நடிகர்கள்: ஒரு அலசல்:
முதலில் எனது எந்த வலையுளகிற்கு வருகை தந்த
உங்களுக்கு எனது நன்றி கலந்த வணக்கங்கள். எனது இந்த பதிவு பிடித்தாலும் பிடிக்காவிட்டாலும்,மாற்று கருத்து இருந்தாலும் தயவுசெய்து பின்னூட்டம் இடவும் என தாழ்மையுடன் கேட்டு கொள்கின்றேன்.
பொதுவா எனக்கு சினிமா சம்பந்தமான பதிவு எழுதுவதில் அதிக ஆர்வம் கிடையாது. ஆனால் சினிமா அதிக அளவு வாசகர் வட்டம் கொண்டது என்பதால் அது தவிற்க முடியாததாகின்றது.
சரி விஷயதுக்கு வருவோம்: இந்த போட்டியில் ரஜினியையும் கமலையும்
சேர்க்கவில்லை. ஏன் என்றால் அவர்களையும் சேர்த்தால் முதல் இரண்டு இடத்திற்கு
போட்டிகள் இருக்காது.அவர்கள் இரண்டு பேரும் எப்போதும் நம்பர் ஒன்.
10வது இடம் ஜெயம் ரவி: ஜெயம் படத்தின் மூலம் அமர்களமாக அறிமுகமாகி சன் ஆப்
மகாலச்சுமி என அடுத்தடுத்து இரண்டு ஹிட் படங்களை கொடுத்தவர். வேறு இயக்குனர்களின் படங்களில் இவர் நடித்த படங்கள் சரியாக போகாத நிலையில் பேராண்மை மற்றும் சந்தோஷ் சுப்ரமணியம் ஆகிய படங்கள் இவரை தூக்கி நிருத்தியது. நல்ல நடிகர். டான்ஸ், சண்டை காட்சிகள், ரொமான்ஸ் என சகல துறைகளிலும் அசத்துவார். இவர் படங்களை குடும்பத்துடன் சென்று பார்க்கலாம் என்பது இவரின் சிறப்பு. அதிக பெண் ரசிகர்கள் கொண்டவர். இவரின் குடும்பமே சினிமா துறையில் உள்ளது இவரின் கூடுதல் பலம்
குறிப்பு: இவரை விட அதிக ஹிட் படங்களை கொடுத்த நடிகர் ஜீவா டாப் 10
நடிகர்கள் பட்டியலில் இல்லை என்பது எனக்கே கொஞ்சம் வருத்தமாக
இருக்கின்றது.(ராம்,டிஷ்யூம்,கற்றது தமிழ்,சிவா மனசுல சக்தி,கோ)
9வது இடம் புரட்சி தளபதி விஷால்: இவருடைய பட்டத்தை பார்த்தாலே பத்திகிட்டு
வருது. புரட்சி என்பதன் அர்த்தமே போய்விட்டது. பேர் சொல்லுர மாதிரி ஒரு படமும்
கொடுக்கவில்லை(அவன் இவன் தவிர). ஆனாலும் இவர் படத்துக்கு கமர்சியல் மதிப்பு இருப்பதாக கூறிகொள்கின்றார்கள்.எனக்கு என்னமோ அப்படி தெரியவில்லை. இவர் நடித்ததில் எனக்கு பிடித்தது செல்லமே,சண்ட கோழி,அவன் இவன் மட்டுமே. நல்ல நடிகன் மாதிரிதான் தெரியுது ஆனால் மாஸ் என்கிற போதையில் தடம் மாறுவது போல் தெரிகின்றது. டாப் 10னில் நீடிக்க வேன்டுமானால் நல்ல கதைகளை தேர்வு செய்ய வேண்டியது அவசியம்.
அவன் இவனுக்கு முன்னாடி இவர் நடித்த மூன்று படமும் படு தோல்வி.
8 வது இடம் ஆர்யா:
தமிழ் சினிமாவில் தற்போதைக்கு ஈகோ பார்காத நடிகர். பாலாவின் நான் கடவுள் மூலம் மறு அவதாரம் எடுத்துள்ளார். மதராஷ பட்டினம்,பாஸ் என்கிற பாஸ்கரன் அவன் இவன் என தொடர்ந்து ஹிட் படங்களை கொடுத்துள்ளார்.இவரின் திறமையை இவர் இன்னும் சரியாக பயன்படுத்தவில்லை என்றுதான் தோன்றுகின்றது.
இனிமேல் தான் இவருக்கு உண்மையான போட்டியே இருக்கின்றது.
நடித்ததில் பிடித்தது: நான் கடவுள், மதராச பட்டிணம்,பாஸ் என்கிற
பாஸ்கரன்,அறிந்தும் அறியாமலும்,அவன் இவன்.
7வது சிம்பு என்கிற S.T.R:
எனக்கு சுத்தமா பிடிக்காத நடிகர் வானத்துக்கு முன்னாடி வரையும்.வானம் படம்
பார்த்தவுடம் அவர் மீது ஒரு நல்ல மதிப்பு வந்தது உண்மை. அது நீடிக்குமா? நீடிக்காதா
என்பது இனி வரும் அவரின் படங்களை பொருத்து. இவர் படம் தானாக ஒடுனதைவிட ஓட வைக்கபட்டது என்பதே என்னுடைய கருத்து.இவருடைய உண்மையான ஹிட் விண்ணைதாண்டி வருவாயா தான்.அடுத்து வந்த வானமும் ஹிட் என்பதால் இனி வரவுள்ள இவரின் படங்களுக்கு எதிபார்ப்பு கூடி இருக்கு.இவர் தனது படங்களுக்கு நல்ல பப்ளிசிடி தேடி கொள்வதில் திறமையானவர்.
திறமையானவர் தான் ஆனால் இவரும் மாஸ் போதையில் அலைவது தான் வருத்தமான விஷயம்.
சமீப காலமாக அஜித் ரசிகர்களை தன் பக்கம் இழுக்க குறிவைத்துள்ளார்.அஜித் ரசிகர்களே ஜாக்கிரதை…..
6வது இடம் தனுஷ்:
நல்ல வேலை இவருக்கு பட்டங்கள் எதுவும் இல்லை.இவரின் வெற்றி இவரே எதிர்பாராதது.ஆனாலும் கிடைத்த வெற்றியை திறமையாக தக்க வைத்து கொண்டவர்.
முதல் மூன்று படங்களுமே அதிரி புதிரி வெற்றி…இடையில் சின்ன சறுக்கம் ஆனாலும் பொல்லாதவன் மூலம் மீண்டு வந்தார்.திறமையான நடிகர் மிகவும் இளவயதில் தேசிய விருது பெற்றிருக்கிறார்.வாழ்த்துக்கள்.
இவர் சிம்புவுக்கு போட்டி என்றாலும் ஹிட் பட வரிசையில் இவர்தான் டாப். இவர் நடித்த நல்ல கதை அம்சம் உள்ள படங்கள் எல்லாம் நன்றாக ஓடின ஆனால் மசாலா படங்கள் அனைத்தும் சுமாரான வெற்றியே பெற்றன.(திருவிளையாடல் தவிர)
இவர் நடித்ததில் எனக்கு பிடித்தது :துள்ளுவதோ இளமை,
காதல் கொண்டேன், பொல்லாதவன், ஆடுகளம், திருவிளையாடல் ஆரம்பம்.
5வது இடம் கார்த்தி:
ரொம்ப சீக்கிரத்திலேயே டாப் 10னின் இடம் பிடித்த நடிகர்.இவர் நடித்த படங்கள் அனைத்துமே பாக்ஸ் ஆபிஸ் ஹிட்.கார்த்தி என பெயர் வைத்ததால் என்னவோ நவரச நாயகன் கார்த்திகிற்கு பிறகு ஒரு துள்ளல் நடிப்பும் நல்ல காமெடி டைமிங்கும் இவரிடம் இருக்கின்றது. சிறப்பாக கதையை தேர்வு செய்கின்றார்.தனது ஐந்தாவது படத்திலேயே இரட்டை வேடம் ஏற்று வெற்றி பெறவும் வைத்தவர்.
நல்ல எதிகாலம் இருக்கின்றது.தனது இடத்தை தக்க வைக்க கடுமையாக உழைக்க
வேண்டும்
நடித்ததில் பிடித்தது: எல்லா படமும் பிடிக்கும். அனைத்தும் வெவ்வேறான அனுபவங்கள்
4வது விக்ரம்:
வியக்க வைக்கும் உழைப்பு,விடாமுயற்சி, தன்னம்பிக்கை, இவை இணைந்ததுதான் விக்ரம்.வியக்க வைக்கும் நடிகர் தனது அயராத உழைப்பின் தமிழ் சினிமாவில் தனியிடம் பிடித்திருக்கின்றார். பீமா, கந்தசாமி,இராவணன் போன்ற தொடர் தோல்விக்கு பிறகு ஒரு கமர்சியல் சினிமா நடிக்காமல் தெய்வ திருமகளில் நடித்த அவரின் துணிச்சல் பாராட்ட பட வேண்டியது.தமிழ் சினிமாவில் இவருக்கான அங்கிகாரம் சற்று குறைவு என்றுதான் எண்ணுகின்றேன்.
தமிழுக்கு சிறந்த நடிகனாக தேசிய விருது பெற்று தந்திருக்கின்றார்.இவர் நடிக்கும் படங்கள் தரமானவை என நம்பி செல்லலாம்.தொடர்ந்து தமிழுக்கு நல்ல படங்கள் கொடுப்பார் என நம்புவோம்.
நடித்ததில் பிடித்தது: சேது,காசி, தில், தூள்,அன்னியன்,சாமி,மஜா(எனக்கு பிடிச்சு
இருந்தது)மற்றும் தெய்வ திருமகள்.
3வது இளைய தளபதி விஜய்:
விஜய் ரசிகர்களுக்கு இது கோபத்தை ஏற்படுத்தலாம்.மங்காத்தா வெற்றின் தாக்கம் தான் விஜயின் இறக்கம்.வேலாயுதம் வந்தால் இந்த நிலை மாறலாம்.இனி வரும் படங்கள் மீண்டும் விஜயை நம்பர் ஒன்னாக்கும் என நம்புவோமாக!! பூவே உனக்காக, துள்ளாத மனமும் துள்ளும்,காதலுக்கு மரியாதை, லவ் டுடே என மென்மையான படங்களில் நடித்து திருமலை,கில்லி,சிவகாசி,திருப்பாச்சி,போக்கிரி என அதிரடி நாயகனாக ரசிகர்கள் மனதி இடம் பிடித்த விஜய், வில்லு, வேட்டைகாரன்,சுறா என தொடர் தோல்வி
படங்களில் நடித்து இப்போது நான்காவது இடத்தில் இருக்கின்றார். ஒரு காலத்திற்கு
அப்புறம் மக்களுக்கு சலிப்பு வரகூடிய படங்களில் நடித்து வெறுப்பை சம்பாதித்து
கொண்டார்.பின்னர் சுதாரித்து காவலன் என்ற ஹிட் படத்தை கொடுத்தார். இப்போது இவர் நடித்து கொண்டிருக்கும் படங்கள் எல்லாமே மிகுந்த எதிபார்பிற்குறிய படங்கள் என்பதால் மீண்டும் இவர் பழைய இடத்தை பிடிப்பார் என நம்புவோமாக.
நடித்ததில் பிடித்தது: பூவே உனக்காக,துள்ளாத மனமும் துள்ளும்,காதலுக்கு
மரியாதை,கில்லி,திருமலை,போக்கிரி,சிவகாசி,குஷி
2வது இடம் அஜித்:
மங்காத்தாவின் அதிரடி வெற்றி இவரை இரண்டாவது இடத்தில் உக்கார வைத்திருக்கின்றது. முன்னனி நடிகர்களில் அதிகமான தோல்வி படங்களில் நடித்தது இவராகதான் இருக்க முடியும்.அதையெல்லாம் தாண்டிய இவரது தன்னம்பிக்கைதான் இவரை இந்த இடத்தில் உக்கார வைதிருக்கின்றது. நல்ல நடிகர் மட்டும் அல்ல. நல்ல மனிதரும் கூட.. தைரியசாலி தனது ரசிகர்மன்றத்தை கலைத்தது அதற்கான சான்று.
இவரின் இந்த முடிவு வரவேற்க கூடியது. இவர் அல்டிமேட் ஸ்டார் பட்டத்தை துறந்ததும் ஒரு பாராட்ட படகூடிய விஷயம் இன்று இருக்க கூடிய முன்னனி இயக்குனர்களுக்கு முதல் பட சான்ஸ் கொடுத்து திறையுலகில் அறிமுக படுத்திய பெருமை அஜிதையே சாரும்.
கதை தேர்வில் கூடுதல் கவனம் தேவை என்பதே என்னுடைய எண்ணம்.
சரண்.எ.ஆர்.முருகதாஸ், சூர்யா, இயக்குனர் விஜய், என பட்டியல் நீளும்.
நடித்ததில் பிடித்தது: காதல் மன்னன்,அமர்களம்,வரலாறு,வாலி,பில்லா, தினா,
போன்றவை
முதல் இடம் சூர்யா:
தமிழ் சினிமாவின் தற்போதய ஹாட் கேக்.. பாக்ஸ் ஆபிஸ் ஹீரோ..
உழைப்பு மற்றும் ஈடுபாடு கொண்ட இயக்குனர்களின் நடிகன். இவரை வைத்து படம்
எடுத்தவர்களே மீண்டும் இவரிடம் இணைந்து படம் எடுப்பது இவருடைய ஈடுபாட்டுக்கு
சான்று. வரிசையாக பாக்ஸ் ஆபிஸ் ஹிட் கொடுத்தவர். மாஸ் மற்றும் கிளாஸ் படங்களை மாறி மாறி கொடுப்பவர்.
இயக்குனர் பாலாவினால் வாழ்வளிக்க பட்டவர்களில் இவரும் ஒருவர்.இவரின் ஆரம்பகால படங்கள் இவருக்கு பெயரெடுத்து தராத நிலையில் இயக்குனர் பாலாவின்
இயக்கத்தில் இவர் நடித்த நந்தா இவருக்கு திருப்புமுனையாக அமைந்தது.அதை சரியாக
பயன்படுத்திகொண்ட அவர் படிபடியாக முன்னனி நடிகராக உயர்ந்து இன்று நம்பர் 1 அந்தஸ்தை எட்டியிருக்கின்றார்.காக்க காக்க, பேரழகன்,பிதாமகன்,கஜினி,வாரணம்
ஆயிரம்,அயன்,சிங்கம் ஆகியவை பெயர் சொல்லும் படங்களாக அமைந்தது.
எ.ஆர்.முருகதாஸ் இயக்கத்தில் இவர் நடித்து கொண்டிருக்கும் ஏழாம் அரிவு மிகுந்த எதிபார்பை கிளப்பி இருக்கின்றது.
நடிப்பு,ஆக்சன்,ரொமான்ஸ் என அனைத்திலும் சிறந்தவர்.அகரம் பௌன்டேசன் மூலம் ஏழை குழந்தைகளுக்கு கல்வி அறிவு கிடைக்க உதவி வருகின்றார்.
தனக்கு கிடைத்த மக்கள் ஆதரவை சரியான வகையில் சரியான திசையில் பயன்படுத்துவதாக எனக்கு படுகின்றது.
(முதல் மூன்று இடங்களில் மாற்றம் எப்போது வேண்டுமானாலும் நிகழலாம்.அது அவர்களின் பாக்ஸ் ஆபிஸ் வெற்றியை பொறுத்து)
எனக்கு தெரிந்த வரையில் நான் சரியான முறையில் வரிசைபடுத்தி இருக்கிறேன் என நம்புகின்றேன். குறை இருந்தால் தயவுசெய்து தெரிய படுத்தவும்.
குறிப்பு: டாப் 10 நடிகர்களில் அஜித்,விக்ரம் தவிர்த்து மற்ற நடிகர்கள் அனைவரும்
குடும்ப சபோர்ட் மூலம் சினிமா துறையில் நுழைந்தவர்கள்.
வந்தத வந்துடீங்க தயவுசெய்து உங்கள் ஓட்டையும் போட்டுட்டு போங்க….
Related articles
- Notable Tamil Short Films: பார்க்கத் தகுந்த தமிழ் குறும்படங்கள் (snapjudge.wordpress.com)
- மோதினார் அப்பாவின் கதை அல்ல நிஜம் (seyedibrahim.wordpress.com)
- மக்களும் மாண்பும் – எம்.ஐ. நிஸாம்டீன் வணிக நிர்வாகத்துரையில் BA (Hons) பட்டம் பெற்றார் (kattankudi.info)
- குழந்தைகள் அறிவை வளர்ப்பதற்கான தளங்கள் (mathilic.wordpress.com)
- டெஸ்டோஸ்டீரோன் – ஆணும், பெண்ணும் கண்டிப்பாகத் தெரிந்து கொள்ள வேண்டும்! (mathilic.wordpress.com)
- Facebook – ல் தொடங்கி அங்கேயே முடிந்தது ! (harininagaraj.wordpress.com)
- பருப்பிலே இருக்கு பலவித சத்துக்கள்! (dselvaraj.wordpress.com)
- Yaaro Ivar Yaaro (sujamusic.wordpress.com)
- கிரீஸ் பூதம் கலவரத்தில் ஒரு போலிஸ் அதிகாரி பலி – புத்தளம் நகரில் சம்பவம் (kattankudi.info)
- ஆடி மாதமும் ஆடி அடங்கா தமிழ் இனவாத அரசியலும்: ஒரு நினைவுக் கிளறல் (kattankudi.info)
ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 – Crowning Glory for India
The 2011 Cricket World Cup tournament lit up our TV screens with high quality play, absolute rubbish, highlights, lowlights, pluck, timidity and a mass of other notables. Here are some of the things The Daily Maverick can praise, bewail and argue about.
Hosts winning
While we may be pretty serious fans of cricket, and sport in general, in South Africa, we are nowhere near as obsessive about it as India. The Indian team’s victory in the Final in front of their own blaring fans in their premier city is one of the most romantic scripts that could be written for the game. That they did it with a South African coach added to the gut-warming feeling we were permitted as the news channels broadcast one happy Indian fan after another.
Plucky cricket
Two teams at the tournament showed that talent isn’t the sole ingredient for success. New Zealand and Ireland both showed what a bit of grit, pressurising fielding and counter-attacking mentality can achieve. Ireland came from behind to beat England and chased down a massive Dutch score, and New Zealand knocked out South Africa when a betting man (who had never seen South Africa play in a knockout match before) would have put all of his money on the Proteas.
Umpiring
This was the first World Cup to feature the Umpire Decision Review System and has finally meant that we have statistical evidence to see which of the umpires are the best. In a show of initiative not seen since they last decided to disagree with whatever the BCCI said, the ICC actually removed the underperforming Asoka de Silva from important World Cup fixtures after he hashed a few games. Marais Erasmus, South Africa’s representative at the tournament, had a good run and, to our knowledge, only had one decision overturned.
Photo: Cricket fans celebrate in New Delhi, after India won the ICC Cricket World Cup final match against Sri Lanka, April 2, 2011. India sparked wild celebrations among their billion supporters after beating Sri Lanka by six wickets in the World Cup final at Mumbai’s Wankhede Stadium on Saturday. REUTERS/B Mathur.
The Bad
South Africa
It was a familiar sight to see South Africa return to Mzansi within a day of their first knockout fixture. After the farcical 1992 semi-final, the Proteas have managed to cock up the quarters in 1996, the tied semi in 1999, semis in 2009 and 2011. Add to that the fire-spittingly haemorrhaging 2003 “knockout” game against Sri Lanka and you’ll see why SA cricket fans have earned the right to government-subsidised anti-depressants.
The West Indies
We didn’t need a reminder, but we had confirmation that the swashbuckling days of swaggering batsmen and giant fast-bowlers are completely over. The West Indies folded meekly against South Africa, England, India and in the quarter-final against Pakistan. Watching Darren Sammy bowl his dibbly-dobblies at first change for the team that once produced skull- and toe-crunching bowlers like Andy Roberts, Malcolm Marshall, Joel Garner and Curtly Ambrose was worse than sad.
The Final toss
The toss circus in the Final was a good indication that the odd batsman walking does not a dignified sport make, nor does the presence of a match-referee actually serve a purpose in a cricket match. If the game was what we wanted it to be, MS Dhoni could have just asked Kumar Sangakkarra what he had called and we all could have moved on. Had the match referee, the same one who wanted Sri Lanka batting in the dark in the 2007 Final, paid any sort of attention this could also have been avoided.
Photo: New Zealand’s wicket keeper Brendon McCullum (L) runs out South Africa’s AB de Villiers (R) during their Cricket World Cup quarter-final match in Dhaka March 25, 2011. REUTERS/Adnan Abidi.
The Unexpected
England
England usually fall over flat and die in the group stages of World Cups or they do very well throughout. England qualified for the Final in 1987 and 1992 (losing to Australia and Pakistan respectively) but then crashed out in the group stage of the 1996, 1999 and 2003 tournaments. This year’s Cricket World Cup had an England which managed to lose to Ireland and Bangladesh, beat South Africa, scrape a win against the Netherlands and tie with India. The Empire XI showcased one of the best batsmen of the tournament (Jonathan Trott), the innings of the tournament (Andrew Strauss’ 158 vs India), the bowling spells of the tournament (Stuart Broad’s 4/15 vs South Africa) and yet England were sent packing by Sri Lanka in the quarter-finals.
Robin Peterson
We humbly admit we had no faith in Robin Peterson when he was selected in the SA World Cup squad. We thought he had only been brought as cover for Imran Tahir and Johan Botha, and he would only get a game if one of them did themselves in. How incredibly wrong we were. With sporting pitches, Peterson was South Africa’s most successful bowler in the tournament, picking up 15 wickets at an average of 15, and he only went for 4.25 an over. Incredible stuff. He was the second most penetrative spinner and the fourth highest wicket-taker overall.
Team of the tournament
Absolutely the most contentious part of any World Cup review, this is our team of the tournament:
- Sachin Tendulkar
- TM Dilshan
- Jonathan Trott
- Kumar Sangakkara (c)
- Yuvraj Singh
- Mahela Jayawardene
- Mohammad Hafeez
- Shahid Afridi
- Zaheer Khan
- Tim Southee
- Ray Price/Dale Steyn
- 12th man: AB de Villiers
Tendulkar and Dilshan are no-brainer selections. Trott makes it in on sheer weight of runs, which he scored at a strike rate of more than 80. Yuvraj was man of the tournament as his scoring was up there with the best and he chipped in with 15 wickets with what look like left-arm spinners to us, but are evidently scud-missiles when one is holding a bat at 20m.
Photo: Sri Lanka’s captain and wicketkeeper Kumar Sangakkara speaks with Muttiah Muralitharan, who is playing in his last Cricket World Cup, after their team beat New Zealand in their ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 semi-final match in Colombo March 29, 2011. REUTERS/Dinuka Liyanawatte.
We know we left out Dhoni, the World Cup winning captain who turned the Final around India’s way, but his batting throughout the tournament wasn’t so hot. Sangakkara’s blade was far more consistent. He is paired in the middle order with Mahela Jayawardene who scored two centuries in the World Cup, including that delicious knock in the Final.
Mohammad Hafeez sneaks in ahead of Ajantha Mandis because of his superb economy rate of 3.5 and his ability to bat. He isn’t a great batsman, and his constant opening says more about Pakistan’s depth than it does about his skills. If we picked Mendis then Afridi would come in at number seven and we think that’s a place too early. We prefer Hafeez there.
Ray Price also sneaked in because of his economy rate, but his selection would be dependent on the wicket. If it suited pace bowlers Dale Steyn would come in for him. Price is an incredible player. He bowls left-arm spin with the new ball for a team that gets walloped every time it plays someone decent. To have an economy rate below 3.5 in any context is superb. While representing Zimbabwe, it is super-human.
Tim Southee and Zaheer Khan were far and away the top fast bowlers of the tournament. Southee has found an extra bit of pace which, coupled with his bounce, snagged him 18 wickets in eight games. To put that into perspective, he never took more than three wickets in a match – underlying his consistency. Compare that to Malinga – if you take away his six-wicket haul against Kenya he only took seven wickets at 33.
2015
A decent tournament recipe has finally been found. The complicated Super 6 and Super 8 varieties were tossed out and a round-robin format resulting in knockouts was adopted. If any tinkering were done further, we would recommend removing two of the minnow teams – Canada, Kenya and the Netherlands didn’t add much to the tournament – and hastening up the group stage by playing more than one fixture a day. The group stage in this tournament took longer than the entire FIFA World Cup did last year.
Only four years to go until the next one… DM
Related Articles
- India Wins the 2011 Cricket World Cup (businessinsider.com)
- Cricket world Cup 2011 (indsocest.wordpress.com)
- SIX WICKETS! INDIA WINS 2011 CRICKET WORLD CUP FINAL! Sri Lanka comes up short! What a Match! PARTY OVER ON PIONEER BOULEVARD IN LITTLE INDIA IN ARTESIA? (economy4abc.blogspot.com)
- What are opinions on which team will win the 2011 Cricket World Cup (wiki.answers.com)
- World Cup-2011 (youngsprings.wordpress.com)
- watch cricket world cup 2011 online (oleole.com)
- INDIA vs. Sri Lanka: 2011 World Cricket Cup is going to be “off the hook!” More than ONE BILLION PEOPLE world wide MAY watch this ONE MATCH! (economy4abc.blogspot.com)
- You: 2011 Cricket World Cup: India and Sri Lanka Set to Meet in Finals (bleacherreport.com)
- April’s First Sunday (burntorangeblog.wordpress.com)
- India wins Cricket World Cup 2011 (dzone.lk)
Sehwag ‘fully fit’ for World Cup
Virender Sehwag missed the ODIs in South Africa to attend to the shoulder injured
Virender Sehwag, India‘s vice-captain for the World Cup, has said that he is “fully fit” for the tournament that begins on February 19. Sehwag missed India’s five-match one-day series following the Tests in South Africa to attend to a shoulder injury, but says his recovery is well on track.
“I was feeling some pain in my shoulder,” Sehwag told Indian news channel CNN-IBN. “So [I thought it was] better to quit the South Africa one-dayers. I didn’t want to get injured in South Africa tour and miss the World Cup. So I came back and went to Germany to see a couple of doctors. I got a couple of injections and now I’m fine.
“I am going to the National Cricket Academy [in Bangalore] and will spend a couple of days there, to check everything – if I can bowl and throw also but if I can’t, then I’ll let them know. But yes, at the moment I’m fully fit.”
Sehwag is wary of the opening game against Bangladesh, who had derailed India’s 2007 World Cup campaign with a shock win. “Because we’re playing the opening game against them in Bangladesh, Bangladeshi people are expecting them to beat us again. But this time we have to prepare well … You can say it is a revenge game for us and we won’t take the game lightly. We will give our best shot and we will come hard on Bangladesh.”
Sehwag was confident of India’s chances against the other major teams in Group B – South Africa, England and West Indies. “When we played against England last time, we won 5-0 and against South Africa we did well in South Africa and we have done well; when Sachin Tendulkar got the double hundred [in Gwalior], we won the series. West Indies have good players like Pollard and Gayle, if they click then maybe it’s difficult for us but India also have very good players.”
Welcome to ICC Cricket World Cup 2011
Image via Wikipedia
Welcome to Cricketworldcup2011.co.in – a complete website on the upcoming ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. This website would update you about ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule, Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams.
Cricket is considered as a religion in India and people are crazy about Cricket, especially in this part of the world. With ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 coming in the year 2011, the game would rise to new levels. If you are a Cricket fan searching for ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule, Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams, then you need not to go elsewhere as you will get information on Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams and ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and every other info about ICC Cricket World Cup 2011.
ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 will be the 10th World Cup. Prior to the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011, 9 Cricket World Cups have been organized by ICC. Australia have emerged winner on the most occasions – 4. Closely following is West Indies, who won the inaugural and the very next World Cup. All the Indian Subcontinent teams – India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka have won 1 World Cup each. Australia won in 1987, 1999, 2003 and 2007. West Indies won on 1975 (the first World Cup) and 1979. India won the World Cup in 1983, Pakistan won the World Cup in 1992 and Sri Lanka won in 1996.
ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures: ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures are given below on our website.
<ilayer src=”http://www.s2d6.com/x/?x=i&z=i&v=2264922&r=%5BRANDOM%5D&k=%5BNETWORKID%5D” z-index=”0″ width=”160″ height=”600″>
<ilayer src=”http://www.s2d6.com/x/?x=i&z=i&v=2264922&r=%5BRANDOM%5D&k=%5BNETWORKID%5D” z-index=”0″ width=”160″ height=”600″>
Welcome to ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 Welcome to Cricketworldcup2011.co.in – a complete website on the upcoming ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. This website would update you about ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule, Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams. Cricket is considered as a religion in India and people are crazy about Cricket, especially in this part of the world. With ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 coming in the year 2011, the game would rise to new levels. If you are a Cricket fan searching for ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule, Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams, then you need not to go elsewhere as you will get information on Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue and Cricket World Cup 2011 teams and ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and every other info about ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. <ilayer src=”http://www.s2d6.com/x/?x=i&z=i&v=2264926&r=%5BRANDOM%5D&k=%5BNETWORKID%5D” z-index=”0″ width=”468″ height=”60″>
ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 will be the 10th World Cup. Prior to the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011, 9 Cricket World Cups have been organized by ICC. Australia have emerged winner on the most occasions – 4. Closely following is West Indies, who won the inaugural and the very next World Cup. All the Indian Subcontinent teams – India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka have won 1 World Cup each. Australia won in 1987, 1999, 2003 and 2007. West Indies won on 1975 (the first World Cup) and 1979. India won the World Cup in 1983, Pakistan won the World Cup in 1992 and Sri Lanka won in 1996. ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures: ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures are given below on our website. <ilayer src=”http://www.s2d6.com/x/?x=i&z=i&v=2264928&r=%5BRANDOM%5D&k=%5BNETWORKID%5D” z-index=”0″ width=”468″ height=”60″>
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Once you bookmark this page you can view ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 schedule and Cricket World Cup 2011 fixtures anytime you like.
Cricket World Cup 2011 venue: With India as the main host of ICC Cricket World Cup 2011, Cricket World Cup 2011 venue includes stadiums of cities like Dhaka, Mumbai, Kolkata, Mohali, Colombo, Chennai, Nagpur, Ahmedabad, chittagong and Bangalore. Cricket World Cup 2011 venue also includes new venues like Pallekelle and Hambantota – both being in Sri Lanka.
Cricket World Cup 2011 teams: Cricket World Cup 2011 teams include 4 times winner Australia, 2 times winners West Indies, South Africa, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Zimbabwe, New Zealand, Netherlands, Canada, Ireland, England and Kenya. Groups in which Cricket World Cup 2011 teams are divided:
Group A – Australia, Pakistan, New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Zimbabwe, Canada and Kenya.
Group B – India, South Africa, England, Bangladesh, West Indies, Netherlands and Ireland.
Related Articles
- ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 : Sachin (adoholik.com)
- ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 – What’s up for Sale? (trak.in)
- De Ghuma Ke: ICC Cricket World Cup 2011′s official theme song (current.com)
- Which countries are participating in the Cricket World Cup 2011 (wiki.answers.com)
- ICC Cricket World Cup 2011: Bangladesh (adsoftheworld.com)
- ICC Cricket World Cup 2011: India (adsoftheworld.com)
- ICC Cricket World Cup 2011: Tightrope (adsoftheworld.com)
- 10 Ways to Watch ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 Live Online for Free (geniusgeeks.com)
- Australia announce squad for ICC Cricket World Cup (ashesupdates.wordpress.com)
- 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup: England spring massive selection surprise (sportingo.com)
Rana is Rajini’s Next Flim Title!
Close sources of Superstar Rajini confirms that his next movie‘s title will be Rana. According to the sources, K S Ravikumar direct the movie and Rathnavel will handle the camera. Rahman is the music director of Rana.
Rajinikanth’s Next ‘RANA’ K. S. Ravikumar direction, Rajini playing triple role
As per sources, Rajinikanth will be seen in triple role. The film will move onto sets in the month of March. It is co-produced by Eros International and Ocher Studios, the production house run by Soundarya Rajinikanth.
There is a buzz that this film might be Rajinikanth’s animated film which is being directed jointly by Soundarya Rajinikanth and K S Ravikumar. However, Rana filmmakers have clarified that this is a new script which is going to direct by K S Ravi Kumar with huge buget.
Academy Award Winner A R Rehman will score the music for the film. Ratnavelu, who worked as camera man for sensational ‘Robo’ is working as cinematographer.
Rana is scheduled to release early in 2012.
Related Articles
- Rajinikant’s ‘Robot’ part of IIM-A course. (ramanan50.wordpress.com)
- Rajinikanth turns 60 today (kish.in)
- Rajini’s a true superstar: Ash (thehimalayantimes.com)
- Rajinikanth’s robot rules (bbc.co.uk)
- Rajinikanth bridged the North-South divide? (ramanan50.wordpress.com)
- ‘Raana’ Rajinikanth’s next blockbuster with Deepika Padukone (panasianbiz.com)
- WTF: Ridiculously Insane Indian Robot Action Movie ‘Enthiran’ [Must Watch] (slashfilm.com)
- My Slatearticle on Rajinikanth was plagiarized by India Today. (slate.com)
- Americans Protest In Support Of Egypt (PHOTOS) (huffingtonpost.com)
Smith puts India in after rain delay
Toss South Africa chose to bowl v India
Live scorecard and ball-by-ball-details
Dale Steyn v Virender Sehwag, the contest billed as the key to the series, the 
contest everyone wanted to see, had to wait for four and a half hours because of the miserable weather in Centurion. Overnight and early-morning rain delayed the start from 10.30 am until 3.00 pm, when Graeme Smith asked India to bat in damp conditions, a decision met with cheers from the smattering of spectators at SuperSport Park.
Smith said he was undecided about what to do but the dampness of the surface prompted him to give his bowlers first use of the pitch. Dhoni concurred, saying the wicket looked alright on the top but there was plenty of moisture underneath.
South Africa had only one choice to make to finalise their XI and they picked the left-arm fast bowler, Lonwabo Tsotsobe, over Ryan McLaren. India’s spearhead, Zaheer Khan, failed to recover from a hamstring injury and his absence meant a debut for another left-arm seamer, Jaidev Unadkat.
The aim is to get 48 overs of play before stumps, which is incredible considering the scenes in the morning, when a substantial portion of the ground was covered and a tent was erected over the pitch, with fans and heaters inside, to keep it dry. The weather began to clear about an hour after the scheduled start and the ground staff and the drainage system began to work their magic. Their top efforts meant that Steyn v Sehwag won’t have to wait until day two.
South Africa: 1 Graeme Smith (capt), 2 Alviro Petersen, 3 Hashim Amla, 4 Jacques Kallis, 5 AB de Villiers, 6 Ashwell Prince, 7 Mark Boucher (wk), 8 Paul Harris, 9 Morne Morkel, 10 Dale Steyn, 11 Lonwabo Tsotsobe.
India: 1 Gautam Gambhir, 2 Virender Sehwag, 3 Rahul Dravid, 4 Sachin Tendulkar, 5 VVS Laxman, 6 Suresh Raina, 7 MS Dhoni (capt & wk), 8 Harbhajan Singh, 9 Ishant Sharma, 10 Sreesanth, 11 Jaidev Unadkat.
Soundarya Rajinikanth Wedding photos
Image via Wikipedia
South Indian Superstar RajiniKanth’s younger daughter Soundarya will get married to Ashwin Ramkukar in Chennai today . The couple were recently engaged. Ashwin is a Chennai based businessman.
The high profile wedding ceremony took place at Meyammai Hall in Chennai today. The videos and new images will be uploaded here as soon as they are available.
Many celebrities were present at the event and the big names are as follows, Aishwarya Bachchan, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.Karunanidhi and many more. Still many more guests are expected for this big wedding ceremony at Chennai.
It is reported that the fans of Rajinikath are requested to not attend for this ceremony. In an official statement Rajinikath said that though he wanted to invite all the fans to his daughter’s marriage, he was unable to do so because of space constraint and logistic reasons. But, he wanted their blessings for his daughter.
It is reported that the superstar gifted the new couple with a new apartment.
“Ashwin is too handsome”, said Rajini, as he gave a small talk on his would be son-in-law. A fun-filled Karaoke session added more colour to the evening.
Says a source, “Soundarya was looking her best in a dark blue salwar and the beautiful mehendi. When old Tamil hits were sung, Rajini joined in to sing ‘Adho andha paravai pola’, and made the event even livelier. A cocktail party was also thrown in for the guests.”
Related Articles
Heat-Seeking Missile Guidance
Of all the air to air weaponry developed in the latter half of the 20th century, the air to air guided missile has probably had the greatest impact, affecting the design of weapon systems, airframes, propulsion and often leading to a complete reassessment of combat tactics.
Air to air missiles (AAMs) differ principally in guidance, the two broad groups being radar guided and heat-seeking or infra-red (IR) missiles. Of the two categories, the second, by virtue of it’s simplicity and lower demands on launch aircraft complexity, has become the numerically superior, arming high performance fighters like the F-15 or F-14 operated by frontline air forces, yet also equipping vintage 1950’s fighters, defending Third World countries.
The initial deployment of heat seeking missiles began in the late 1950’s, with the USAF acquiring it’s first AIM-4 Falcons and AIM-9 Sidewinders, however, it was not until the Viet-Nam war that the AIM-9 saw widespread use. The weapon was not as successful as expected, reliability was a particular problem, especially with the USN (repeated carrier launches and recoveries – quote ”banging them on the deck after every flight”), but when the missile did work, it was effective, which may be confirmed by a number of NVAF pilots who had the unique experience of a ‘Winder entering the tailpipe of their sturdy Mikoyan, resulting in it’s subsequent bisection.
Current versions of the AIM-9 are a vast improvement, though they are to be replaced by the end of this decade by the ASRAAM – solid state electronics allow for higher reliability and enable the guidance to be ”smarter” in between discriminating targets and resisting jamming.
As their name implies, heat-seeking missiles home on to the hot areas of a target. The target will usually both reflect and emit infra-red radiation, which propagates through the atmosphere, losing it’s intensity due to number of effects. This radiation is detected by the missile’s seeker head, which, if the conditions are right, will then provide the guidance with the relative position of the target enabling the weapon to home in and destroy the target. In order to fully appreciate the problems involved in creating an effective weapon of this kind, we must examine the behaviour of infra-red radiation, the characteristics of an aircraft as a source of IR energy, the manner in which this energy travels through the atmosphere and finally, how the missile seeker processes it to gain information as to the target’s position.
Infra-Red Radiation
The infra-red is a term used to describe a particular group of electromagnetic waves, those which are longer than visible wavelengths and shorter than microwaves, numerically the band between 0.8 and 1000.0 micrometres. This means that infra-red radiation has very many properties similar to visible light, it can be focussed or diffused, absorbed or reflected.
The reason why the IR is so important is that it may be closely associated with heat and it’s transfer from bodies. When we heat an object, or a volume of material, we are feeding energy into it – at an atomic level this energy is in the form of crystal lattice vibrations (probably the best way of visualizing the process is to picture an infinite lattice of tiny balls, each connected to it’s neighbours by a spring, imagine then what occurs if we tap one of the balls) every atom vibrating about some equilibrium position in the lattice.
To make things more complicated, in the physical world, the amount of energy each atom can transfer to it’s neighbour is limited to an amount hf (h is Planck’s constant and f is the frequency of vibration) which leads to an interesting result – a heated body emits radiation throughout a continuous band of wavelengths, the relative amplitudes (levels) of each wavelength depending on the body’s temperature.
Graph 1. illustrates this relationship. This means that every object radiates energy, the dominant wavelengths depending on the temperature. As it turns out, objects at temperatures around and below 1200 C radiate mainly in the infra-red band, e in the higher the temperature, the shorter the dominant wavelengths. (note: IR radiation can also be generated by exciting a molecular gas, as the frequencies at which the molecules rotate and vibrate fall into the IR band – this type of radiation forms narrow bands in the spectrum -see TE Dec.1981, Lasers).
Sources of IR energy
The easiest answer to that question is – any warm or hot object- however, the subject deserves a little more attention. The single greatest source of IR radiation is the sun, however only part of this energy would be available to illuminate the Earth’s surface, as large amounts are absorbed and scattered in the atmosphere, particularly by clouds and moisture. The Earth’s surface becomes a secondary source of IR, as it is being bombarded both with visible and IR energy from the sun and as a result, is being heated.
Any processes releasing heat also lead to the emission of IR. All heat engines ie the internal combustion engine or jet turbines radiate IR from various parts of their structures and also release hot exhaust gases. All warm blooded creatures emit IR.
As far as a guidance system is concerned, all IR radiation from sources other than the target is a nuisance – background clutter which will lower detection ranges or even swamp the emissions of the target. Fortunately most of the IR energy emitted by the Earth’s surface falls into the vicinity of 10 micrometres, whereas the Sun’s radiation peaks in the visible band and reflected off the Earth’s surface would tend to swamp the region above 3 micrometres, hence leaving a window around 4 micrometres. The sky itself reflects and scatters a certain amount of IR, though it’s intensity is lower than that of the Earth’s surface.
Graph 1. Relative emitted power versus wavelength of emitted radiation for an ideal blackbody radiator. These curves illustrate the relative amounts of IR energy emitted at various wavelengths for varying temperatures, the dominant wavelengths can be seen as becoming shorter with increasing temperatures. (Note: an ideal blackbody by definition radiates equally well at all wavelengths, an aircraft tailpipe is close to a blackbody in a very limited range of wavelengths).
Diagram 2. The Infra-red signature of a fighter aircraft. Here a likely target for a Sidewinder, a MiG-23BM Flogger powered by a 25,000 lb R-29 afterburning turbofan.
The aircraft itself both reflects IR from the sun and emits IR from it’s hot parts, particularly the afterburner nozzle. The exhaust plume temperature curves illustrate sections through areas of equal temperature, the upper half with lit afterburner, the lower on dry thrust. The lower temperature (cca 100 deg) curves for the afterburning mode extend to a distance greater than 100 metres behind the aircraft. The plume of a turbojet on dry thrust is narrower and hotter than taht for a turbofan, which mixes cool bypass air with the turbine exhaust gasses.
An Aircraft as a Source of IR
Modern military aircraft are, in spite of the efforts of their designers, abundant sources of IR energy. The principal heat source is the propulsion, as jet engines have an efficiency far below 100%, a considerable amount of energy is thrown away, advertising the aircraft’s position.
The most intense IR source in a jet aircraft is the tailpipe (afterburner off). The exhaust gas temperature (EGT) of a typical turbojet, ie the J79, is around 950 deg C, newer engines like the F100 have an EGT around 1300 deg C. The highest intensity is thus for wavelengths around 2 to 3 micrometres (for the physics oriented, the tailpipe is modelled as a blackbody, or rather greybody radiator).
The exhaust gases leaving the tailpipe form a plume, as they expand and cool. On dry thrust, the tailpipe is the strongest radiator, the plume being cooler, particularly in the instance of high bypass ratio turbojets (F404) or turbofans (F100), where the turbine exhaust gases are mixed with bypass air from the fan.
Plume shapes and temperatures vary with engines and operating conditions, diagram 2. illustrates typical temperature curves for a turbofan.
Lighting the afterburner causes further radiation of IR, in fact the exhaust plume, around 2000 deg C, then dominates the aircraft’s signature, being hotter and physically larger than the tailypipe. (note: at speeds above 2.5M the plume radiance will decrease due to the decreased overall engine pressure ratio).
Aside from tailpipe/plume emissions, the hot parts of the engine eg exterior of afterburner nozzle, also radiate. High speed flight will heat the aircraft’s skin and the engine will usually heat up parts of the airframe .
A further source of emissions is reflected sunlight/IR, conventional paints apparently reflecting around 60%, though the newer low IR greys (USN F-14, F-4, F-18 etc.) reflect around 5 to 15%. A well polished canopy may also reflect enough energy for a lock-on.
From the practical point of view, the IR signature of an aircraft is impossible to eliminate, the best one could ask for is a reduction. The use of turbofans reduces the overall EGT and where possible, parts of the airframe may be used to shield the exhaust, as in the A-10, where the tail surfaces screen off the relatively cool exhausts of the TF34s (note: the positioning of the engines makes it impossible to gain a lock-on with a shoulder launched SAM, eg SA-7, until the aircraft has covered a relatively large distance, assuming the aircraft passes over the launch site. ) The use of low reflectance paints and flat canopies (helos) can be of some use.
Atmospheric Propagation of IR Radiation
The atmosphere basically affects IR energy in three different ways – absorption, scattering and scintillation (for a more detailed treatment see TE Dec.1981, Lasers).
Photons of IR wavelengths are absorbed mainly by atmospheric carbon dioxide and water molecules, fortunately for the militarist, this is a quantum physical effect and is confined to particular bands in the IR, leaving transmission “windows”.
The most important windows in the near IR are centred on 1.6 micrometres, 2.2 micrometres and 3.75 micrometres, the last being the widest at about 1 micrometre, at an altitude cca 5000 m and low water vapour concentrations these allow for up to 95% transmittance at ranges cca 30km (16.5 NMI). If the water vapour concentration increases, scattering becomes noticeable. Scattering occurs when the wavelength of the IR is comparable in size with the scattering particles. Clouds and fog contain droplets around 1 micrometre in size – this results in extremely low transmission throughout most of the IR band.
On the other hand, rain droplets are much larger, with the seemingly surprising result that IR transmission through rain is substantially better. Rain is liable to degrade the systems performance, but still allow it to function (at 1.8km / 1 NMI transmittance for light rain is cca 90% and for heavy rain cca 65%).
Scintillation is caused by the same effect responsible for the blooming of laser beams, local variations in the atmosphere’s refractive index caused by variations in temperature (eg observable flickering of distant images on a well heated bitumen road). This effect isn’t particularly important for guidance systems, as the apparent changes in the target’s position get smaller and smaller as the weapon approaches the target, once the angular size of the target becomes larger than the size of the apparent changes in position, it can be neglected.
The effects of the atmosphere can be summarized as a lowering of the target’s intensity over a distance, and the introducing of small position errors at large distances. These two effects basically serve to limit the maximum range at which a guidance system may detect, track and lock on to a target.
The Heat-seeking Missile
The aircraft as an intrinsic source of IR energy and the reasonably good propagation of IR clearly indicate the potential for relatively simple, accurate short range missile guidance. As the target itself emits all the energy needed for detection and guidance the weapon may be fire-and-forget, without the need for complex and cumbersome fire control and illuminating radar. As a relatively simple system, the weapon may be smaller and lighter, it’s fire-and-forget ability makes it then ideal as a dogfight weapon, complementing cannon. This reflects in the widespread use of such weapons, eg the AIM-9J/L with the F-16, the R.550 Magic/Mirage III/F1 or the Israeli Rafael Shafrir used with virtually all IAF fighter aircraft, not to speak of the K-13A Atoll or the AA-8 Aphid used by Warpac air forces.
A guided missile can be broken down into three systems, guidance and control, warhead and propulsion, all fitted to an airframe. Propulsion is usually provided by a solid propellant rocket with a burn time of the order of seconds, this is adequate for acceleration to speeds cca 3.5M. The warhead is usually small in weapons of this class, as it is assumed the missile will detonate either on the target or within it, warheads are commonly high explosive/fragmentation types . Most weapons employ a combination of proximity and impact fusing.
The guidance and control systems of the missile occupy it’s nose section, the guidance senses the position of the target and issues commands to the servoes in the control section which then actuate the control surfaces to achieve the desired flightpath correction. The vast majority of operational IR guided missiles employ a canard control surface/tail stabiliser configuration, the type of canard employed usually betraying the particular emphasis placed during design, eg the stabilising fins fore of the canards on the R.550 serve to prevent stalling at high angles of attack.
The guidance system itself commonly consists of a window/filter assembly in the nose of the weapon, this serves to select only particular wavelengths of IR, these then enter an optical modulation system, a reticle or chopper, which enables a detector element to receive IR emissions from the target, while rejecting clutter. The output from the detector is processed by signal detection electronics which separate target position carrying information from the clutter present, a computer then employs proportional navigation to generate guidance commands.
IR Optical Filters
An optical filter is a device, which, by some particular mechanism, allows the transmission of some wavelengths, while suppressing others. The principal reason behind the use of filters in guidance systems is the necessity to suppress background IR radiation, such as reflected solar energy, or thermal radiation from the earth’s surface and to enable the guidance to discriminate between various parts of the target’s signature, as it wouldn’t be very helpful to have a $20,000 missile guide into a ten metre long afterburner plume and detonate without damaging the target.
Optical filters used in these applications fall into two broad groupings, absorption filters and interference filters. Absorption filters are characterised by wide bandwidths (width of transmitted band) and are usually employed to suppress large regions, typically sunlight. Interference filters can be designed with extremely narrow bandwidths (less than 0.1 of the wavelength at the band centre) and good transmittance, they have the further advantage of reflecting unwanted energy instead of absorbing it.
The physical phenomenon exploited in this instance is interference, an effect which occurs when we add a wave to it’s own reflection. Consider a series of layers of transparent material, the layers with alternating refractive indices. If we pass a light wave through these layers it will be partly reflected at each interface between layers, alternate interfaces reflecting in and out of phase. Now if the wavelength of the wave is four times longer than the thickness of the layers, an interesting thing occurs namely the reflections from successive interfaces are all in phase, leading to a very high reflectance for that wavelength. Filters employ layers of varying thicknesses to achieve certain degrees of reflectance for particular wavelengths.
Precise filters employ up to a hundred layers, each must have a very accurately defined thickness (for IR less than 1 micrometre), in order to meet the bandpassing specifications.
Optical Modulators
Probably the most complex individual mechanical assembly in a missile guidance system is it’s optical modulator or reticle. It performs two extremely important tasks, providing the system with directional target information and suppressing background IR radiation, In principle, a reticle is a IR transparent substrate with a particular pattern of opaque and transparent fields on it’s surface.
In operation the reticle is placed between the filter/optics and detector, it’s motion relative to the optics results in the chopping of the IR incident on the detector in such a fashion as to enable the electronics processing the detector’s output to separate information on the target’s direction from background images, typically sunlit clouds.
The subject of reticle design is quite complex, to make things more difficult, the military has had most information on the subject classified, however the basic principles may be understood from the following.
Diagram 3A illustrates a simple rotating reticle for background suppression. Consider the reticle to be rotating at a constant rate, then visualise it passing over the image in it’s field of view, The chopping action will result in different detector outputs for the point target and for the cloud. The pulses corresponding to the target (we assume the target is distant enough to be regarded as a point source) may then be easily separated from the rippled pulse corresponding to the cloud by electronic filtering (a narrow bandpass filter at the pulse frequency), thus enabling the required discrimination between the target and cloud.
Diagram 3. Target discriminating and direction finding reticles.
- Reticle A separates target information from background IR.
- Reticle B enables the guidance to find the direction of the target.
- The third reticle combines the functions of A and B
Actual reticles employ very fine patterns, usually with complex wavy or zig-zag fields.
Diagram 3B illustrates a reticle configured for the finding of the target’s direction. Once again consider a constant rate of rotation and pass it over the target. A pulse is generated during each rotation of the reticle, however the instant in time when the pulse commences depends on the angular position of the target. The time lag or lead of the pulses or phase carries the information as to the target’s angular position, this information can be extracted via simple electronic means if we know the position of the reticle as it rotates, which is quite easily accomplished in practice.
The third reticle in diagram 3. combines the functions of reticles A and B, providing directional information and background rejection. The upper half is comprised of opaque-transparent fan shaped segments, the lower half is semitransparent with a transmittance equal to the average transmittance of the upper half. When the segmented half passes over the target, the output will contain a series of pulses and some varying output given by the back around, when the semitransparent part passes over the -target the output corresponds to the average brightness of the target and background. The output would resemble B, but with bursts of pulses instead of individual pulses.
By electronically filtering out these bursts, we can separate target information from clutter, the phase of the bursts yields the angular direction. The radial distance of the target can be found by examining the amplitudes of the pulses, as the actual image of the target on the reticle is a circle rather than a point. The width of the segments on the reticle is smaller than the circle’s diameter, if the circle is near the edge of the reticle a lot of light is passed through, if it is near the centre, very little is passed, causing the observed variation in amplitude. Knowing the angular and radial components of the target’s direction, we can easily find the X and Y components with respect to the missile’s control axes, a computer can then find the required control deflection for target interception. It may be apparent to many a reader that this system cannot provide target direction information if the reticle axis (missile axis) is pointing directly at the target, actual operational systems employ complicated mechanical systems for the rotation and nutation of the optics and reticle to avoid this.
The reticle patterns employed are also quite complex and must be extremely accurate.
An alternate method of determining the target’s direction would involve an array of detector elements, however the electronics required to separate the target from clutter would be substantially more complex.
[Editor’s Note 2005: in the nearly quarter century since this was written we have seen Focal Plane Array IR seekers displace the reticle based designs described in this article.]
IR Detectors
The detector is a device which converts IR energy into some electrical signal, which is then processed by the missile’s electronics. As a device, the detector comprises a piece of semiconductor material (the photosensitive element), with antireflective and/or filter coatings and a reflector, which increases sensitivity by reflecting any IR which may have passed through the detector back into it.
The two principle types of detector element used are photoconductive and photovoltaic, the former change their electrical resistance when illuminated, the latter generate an output voltage on illumination. An in depth look at the mechanisms responsible for these effects exceeds the scope of this treatment, but some understanding may be gained from the following look at solid state physics.
One of the basic conclusions of quantum physics was the fact, that electrons orbiting an atom may have only certain discrete energies, energies other than those corresponding to the given orbits being forbidden. If we examine the electronic structure of a multielectron atom, we find the electrons occupying the outermost orbits are the easiest to remove from the atom, by some external force. If we then take a large number of these atoms and begin to move them together, the orbits begin to interfere with each other with the result, that the previously sharply defined energy levels begin to smear out leading the formation of energy bands rather than levels for large numbers of atoms.
The uppermost two levels, the so called valence band and conduction band are of the most interest. The electrical resistance of a material depends on the number of free electrons in the material, the more free electrons, the lower the resistance. In terms of energy bands, an electron must transition from the lower valence band to the upper conduction band before it can be available for conduction as a free electron. The difference in energy between the two bands is called the energy gap (Eg), an electron in the lower band must receive at least this amount of energy to transition up and become free for conduction. One way in which this can happen is when an electron absorbs a photon of radiation with an energy hf larger than Eg.
This is basically the effect used in a detector. The energy gap in the semiconductor materials used is usually less than 1 electronvolt, which is close to the energy of IR photons with wavelengths shorter than 10 micrometres. Photons which enter the detector collide with electrons, enabling them to become free and alter the electrical properties of the detector. However the detector must be cooled down to around -200 degrees C, as otherwise the thermal energy of the vibrating atoms would free enough electrons to swamp the effects of the detected IR. Cooling is provided either by a closed circuit low temperature refrigerator, Joule Thompson gas expansion refrigerator or by a thermoelectric refrigerator (early AIM-9J), the lower the temperature available, the higher the sensitivity of the detector.
The choice of a detector material depends on the required sensitivity at a given wavelength, that is given by the temperature of the target. The majority of the materials used fall into Selenides, Antimonides and Tellurides, typical IR sensitive materials being Mercury-Cadmium Telluride (HgCdTe) or Indium Antimonide (InSb).
Early guidance systems were constrained by the lack of available detector materials to working in the 2.5 micrometre band – as a result the weapons were easily confused by strong sunlight, cloud edges or flares and were not effective if launched at a target head on, as they would rather guide for the plume than the aircraft. Later systems operate in the more convenient 4 micrometre band, which falls into a reasonable transmission window and a region where background IR is fairly low.
New weapons such as the GD Stinger employ combined infra-red and ultraviolet band sensors (POST seeker), this enables the seeker to discriminate between targets and countermeasures such as flares, though it’s ability to handle IR jamming systems such as flashing IR beacons (Cesium lamps) could be questioned. (Further reading: Hudson R.D. – Infrared System Engineering, Dow R. B.- Fundamentals of Advanced Missiles).
Heat seeking missile guidance is, after more than twenty five years of use, anything but obsolete. New technology expands launch envelopes and extends ranges with each new generation. of weapons. Some developments in electronics (consider the recent fabrication of 30 x 30 element arrays of HgCdTe on single mounting chips) may lead to completely different configurations in future weapons, the potential, for improvements is very large.
Diagram 4. Energy bands of a pure semiconductor.
- cb- conduction band
- Eg- energy gap
- vb- valence band
If an electron in the lower valence band absorbs a photon hf with an energy greater than the gap Eg, it will transition to the upper conduction band and be available for electrical conduction. Semiconductors sensitive to lower temperatures, such as Mercury-Cadmium Telluride, have energy gaps around 0.2 electronvolts (eV), those sensitive in the near IR, such as Silicon, have gaps around 1eV.
Pic.5. The AIM-9L Super Sidewinder is a very late model of the widespread Ford Aerospace Sidewinder, which saw considerable use in the Viet-Nam war. The missile weighs in at 85 kg, has a cruise velocity of Mach 2 and carries an 11.4 kg fragmentation warhead. The weapon has an effective range around 20 km and has been launched from a variety of aircraft, including USMC AH-1T Sea Cobra attack helos. The launch aircraft in this instance is a TF-18A combat trainer. The F-18 is configured to carrry two AIM-9s for close-in combat, these are mounted on wingtip launch rails., The F-18’s integrated cockpit/fire control automatically conditions radar and HUD modes for the selected weapon and features a number of auto-lock on modes, including an off-boresight mode allowing the pilot to lock on to a target in a tight turn. Earlier aircraft such as the F-4 featured systems like VTAS (Visual Target Acquisition System), where the missile seekers were cued by a helmet mounted sight.
Subscribe Via Email
Agaram Foundation
29,Vijay Enclave Krishna Street,
T.Nagar, Chennai - 600 017
Tamil Nadu, India.
Telephone : +91 44 4350 6361
Mobile : +91 98418 91000
Email : info@agaram.in
Site Info
SELVABALAJI NEWS
- An error has occurred; the feed is probably down. Try again later.
Vistor Location
Unknown Feed
- An error has occurred; the feed is probably down. Try again later.
Unknown Feed
- An error has occurred; the feed is probably down. Try again later.
Unknown Feed
- An error has occurred; the feed is probably down. Try again later.
LeadSquared
- Into the Unknown: Embracing a Bold, Student-First Strategy for Enrollment Success
- Top 10 Sales Gamification Tools For 2024
- Top 9 CRMNext Alternatives in 2024
- Closing the Deal: 6 Surefire Strategies to Exceed Your Sales Targets
- Sales Automation 101:Unclog your Sales Pipeline
- KRA of Sales Manager and How to Track Performance
- Top 10 Healthcare CRM in the United States
- Why Do 70% of Online Inquiries Drop Off?
- Top 6 Paramantra Alternatives for Real-Estate Businesses in 2024
- Top 10 Spotio Alternatives for Field Reps
singershalini
- Untitled
- Pop Shalini Verified #Spotify Artist Playlist
- Pop Shalini's Interesting reads #Murakami
- Pop Shalini performs for Harris Jeyraj's concert with Benny Dayal and Haricharan
- Pop Shalini sings Vandhe Mataram
- Pop Shalini Sings her famous song Mudhal Naal Indru - Unaale Unaale
- Pop Shalini wishes Superstar RajiniKanth on the Dada Saheb Phalke Award
- A song for a Rainy day from my first album #Shalini - Chinna Chinna Mazhai thooral
- ipopshalini Verified Artiste sings Ranjha from Shershaah
- Chennai Floods
Flickr Photos
Advertsiment
S e L v A B a L a J e E 
Recent Comments